stat940W25-presentation

From statwiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search


Notes on Presentations

Group 1 Presentation:

Paper Citation

Background

Paper Contributions


Group 8 Presentation:

Paper Citation

Editing in progress

Background

Editing in Progress

Paper Contributions

Editing in Progress

Group 23 Presentation: Discrete Diffusion Modelling By Estimating the Ratios of the Data Distribution

Paper Citation

A. Lou, C. Meng, and S. Ermon, ‘Discrete Diffusion Modeling by Estimating the Ratios of the Data Distribution’, Jun. 06, 2024, arXiv: arXiv:2310.16834. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2310.16834.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.16834

Background

Paper Contributions

Group 24 Presentation: Mitigating the Missing Fragmentation Problem in De Novo Peptide Sequencing With A Two-Stage Graph-Based Deep Learning Model

Paper Citation

Mao, Z., Zhang, R., Xin, L. et al. Mitigating the missing-fragmentation problem in de novo peptide sequencing with a two-stage graph-based deep learning model. Nat Mach Intell 5, 1250–1260 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-023-00738-x

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-023-00738-x#citeas

Background

- Proteins are crucial for biological functions

- Proteins are formed from peptides which are sequences of amino acids

- Mass spectrometry is used to analyze peptide sequences

- De Novo sequencing is used to piece together peptide sequences when the sequences are missing from existing established protein databases

- Deep learning has become commonly implimented to solve the problem of de-novo peptide sequencing

- When a peptide fails to fragment in the expected manner, it can make protein reconstruction difficult due to missing data

- One error in the protein can propogate to errors throughout the entire sequence

Paper Contributions

- Graph Novo was developed to handle incomplete segments

- GraphNovo-PathSearcher instead of directly predicting, does a path search method to predict the next peptide in a sequence

- A graph neural network is used to find the best path from the graph generated from the mass spectrometry input

- GraphNovo-SeqFiller instead of directly predicting, does a path search method to predict the next peptide in a sequence.

- It's expected that some peptides/ amino acids may have been missed, SeqFiller uses a transformer to add in amino acids which have been missed from PathSearcher

- Input is mass spectrum from mass spectrometry

- Graph construction is done where nodes represent possible fragments, and edges represent possible peptides (PathSearcher module)

- PathSearcher uses machine learning to find the optimal path on the generated graph

- SeqFiller fills in missing amino acids that may have not been included in the PathSearcher module due to lacking data from the mass spectrometry inputs